Yintoni i-NTC Temperature Sensor?

Yintoni i-NTC Temperature Sensor?

Ukuqonda umsebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwenzwa yobushushu be-NTC, kufuneka siqale sazi ukuba yintoni i-NTC thermistor.
Indlela inzwa yobushushu be-NTC esebenza ngayo ichazwe ngokulula
Iiconductors ezishushu okanye iiconductors ezifudumeleyo zizixhasi ze-elektroniki ezinee-coefficients ezingalunganga zobushushu (i-NTC ngokufutshane). Ukuba ngoku kuqukuqela kumacandelo, ukuchasana kwabo kuncipha ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu. Ukuba iqondo lobushushu le-ambient liyehla (umzekelo kwimikhono yokuntywiliselwa), amacandelo, kwelinye icala, asabela ngokwanda kokumelana. Ngenxa yolu kuziphatha lukhethekileyo, iingcali zikwabhekisa kwi-NTC resistor njenge-NTC Thermistor.

Ukuxhathisa kombane kuncipha xa ii-electron zihamba
Izichasi ze-NTC ziquka izixhobo ze-semiconductor, i-conductivity yayo ngokubanzi phakathi kwe-conductors zombane kunye nee-non-conductor zombane. Ukuba iikhomponenti ziyafudumala, ii-elektroni ziyakhululeka kwii-athom ze-lattice. Bayishiya indawo yabo kwisakhiwo kwaye bathuthe umbane ngcono kakhulu. Isiphumo: Ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa, ii-thermistors ziqhuba umbane ngcono kakhulu - ukuxhathisa kwabo kombane kuyancipha. Amacandelo asetyenzisiweyo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, njengamaqondo obushushu, kodwa oku kufuneka aqhagamshelwe kumthombo wombane kunye ne-ammeter.

Ukwenziwa kunye neepropati zee-conductor ezishushu nezibandayo
Isichasi se-NTC sinokusabela ngokubuthathaka kakhulu okanye, kwiindawo ezithile, ngamandla kakhulu kutshintsho lwamaqondo obushushu akwindawo engqongileyo. Ukuziphatha okuthe ngqo kuxhomekeke ekwenziweni kwamacandelo. Ngale ndlela, abavelisi balungelelanisa umlinganiselo wokuxuba we-oxides okanye i-doping yee-oxide zetsimbi kwiimeko ezifunwayo. Kodwa iipropati zamacandelo zinokuphenjelelwa kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa ngokwayo. Umzekelo, ngomxholo weoksijini kwi-atmosfera yokudubula okanye isantya sokupholisa somntu ngamnye.

Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ze-NTC resistor
Izinto ezicocekileyo ze-semiconductor, i-semiconductors edibeneyo okanye i-alloys yensimbi isetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-thermistors ibonisa ukuziphatha kwabo. Le yokugqibela idla ngokuba neeoksidi zetsimbi (iikhompawundi zesinyithi kunye neoksijini) yemanganese, nickel, icobalt, intsimbi, ubhedu okanye ititanium. Izinto eziphathekayo zixutywe kunye nee-agent zokubopha, zicinezele kwaye zifakwe. Abavelisi bafudumeza izinto eziluhlaza phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kangangokuba izinto zokusebenza ezineempawu ezifunwayo zenziwe.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-thermistor ngokujonga nje
I-resistor ye-NTC ifumaneka kuluhlu ukusuka kwi-ohm enye ukuya kwi-100 megohms. Amacandelo angasetyenziswa ukusuka ku-minus 60 ukuya ku-200 degrees Celsius kwaye afezekise ukunyamezela kwe-0.1 ukuya kwi-20 yepesenti. Xa kuziwa ekukhetheni i-thermistor, iiparameters ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo kukuxhathisa okuqhelekileyo. Ibonisa ixabiso lokumelana neqondo lokushisa elinikeziweyo (ngokuqhelekileyo i-25 degrees Celsius) kwaye iphawulwe nge-capital R kunye nobushushu. Umzekelo, i-R25 yexabiso lokumelana nama-25 degrees Celsius. Indlela yokuziphatha ethile kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo nayo ibalulekile. Oku kunokuchazwa ngeetafile, iifomula okanye imizobo kwaye kufuneka ingqinelane ngokupheleleyo nesicelo esifunwayo. Amaxabiso angaphezulu ophawu lwezixhasi ze-NTC anxulumene nonyamezelo kunye nobushushu obuthile kunye nemida yombane.

Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo se-NTC resistor
Kanye njenge-resistor ye-PTC, isichasi se-NTC sikwafanelekile kumlinganiselo wobushushu. Ixabiso lokuchasana liyatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokushisa elisezantsi. Ukuze ungenzi ubuxoki kwiziphumo, ukuzifudumeza kufuneka kuncitshiswe kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuzifudumeza ngexesha lokuhamba kwangoku kungasetyenziselwa ukukhawulela i-inrush current. Ngenxa yokuba i-NTC resistor iyabanda emva kokutshintshwa kwezixhobo zombane, ukuze kuqhume i-current encinci ekuqaleni. Emva kwexesha elithile lokusebenza, i-thermistor iyatshisa, ukuchasana kombane kwehla kunye nokuhamba kwangoku. Izixhobo zombane zifezekisa ukusebenza kwazo ngokupheleleyo ngale ndlela ngokulibaziseka kwexesha elithile.

Isixhasi se-NTC siwenza umbane kakubi kakhulu kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi. Ukuba ubushushu be-ambient buyanda, ukuchasana kwezinto ezibizwa ngokuba yi-conductors efudumeleyo kunciphisa ngokubonakalayo. Ukuziphatha okukhethekileyo kwezinto ze-semiconductor zingasetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukulinganisa ubushushu, kuthintelo lwangoku lokugxalathelana okanye ukulibazisa ukungqubana okwahlukeneyo.